The P600 is the brain's syntax-error siren

Correct: B — Detection of syntactic anomalies and reanalysis (e.g., 'The cats won't EATING the food that Mary GIVES them')

Osterhout and Holcomb (1992) identified the P600 — a positive ERP deflection peaking around 600 ms after a critical word — as a marker of syntactic processing difficulty: agreement violations, garden-path reanalysis, and ungrammatical word orders all evoke it. The P600 is typically distinguished from the earlier N400, which marks semantic anomaly. Together, the N400 and P600 give a temporal map of language comprehension: the brain reacts to meaning errors first (~400 ms) and to structural problems shortly after (~600 ms). The pattern supports broadly modular accounts of online sentence processing in which semantics and syntax run in partial parallel.