Day 79 of 150 Speed Difficulty 8/10

A trailing mask can erase a flashed image from awareness

Quick answer

A trailing mask can erase a flashed image from awareness. Today's question (Visual backward masking) asks about a finding from Breitmeyer, B. G., & Ögmen, H. in 2000. The correct option is Backward masking — full explanation, primary source, and glossary cross-links below.

Today's question

A briefly flashed target is followed within ~50–100 ms by a high-contrast pattern at the same location. The target then becomes invisible. This phenomenon is called:

  1. A The waterfall effect
  2. B Backward masking
  3. C Iconic memory
  4. D Mach bands
Reveal the answer and explanation

Correct: B — Backward masking

Backward masking refers to the disruption of a target stimulus's perception by a second stimulus (the mask) that appears shortly afterwards. With short target-to-mask intervals (~50–100 ms), the target can become entirely invisible even though it physically reached the retina. Breitmeyer & Ogmen (2000) reviewed evidence that masking interrupts the slower re-entrant feedback that consolidates conscious perception, while feedforward processing (sufficient for some unconscious priming) survives. Backward masking is a foundational tool in consciousness research, used to dissociate sensory registration from conscious access.

About the source

Breitmeyer, B. G., & Ögmen, H. (2000). Recent models and findings in visual backward masking: A comparison, review, and update. Perception & Psychophysics, 62(8), 1572–1595.

Every Cognition Bible question cites a primary source — a paper, book chapter, or monograph that exists, that we can point to on Google Scholar, and whose finding the question accurately summarizes. No fabricated authority strings, no name-drops without paper-level grounding.

More from the Cognition Bible

Done with today's question? Play the FOKIQ Daily — six puzzles across six cognitive domains, free, every day.